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一 | Sputnik spoke with Dr. D. B. Bhaaskara, CEO of the multinational company Roerich Healthcare, about the current state of pharma trade with Russia.,Sputnik: Can you explain the current state of pharma supplies to Russia?,D. B. Bhaaskara: Currently, pharmaceutical shipments of Indian firms to Russia are at the same level even after the sanctions. But, there are many proposals (supplies) that Russians are not getting from the European Union. Russians are looking for these materials (chemicals, excipients, APIs [Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients]) with several Indian manufacturers. They have to develop links with Indian firms. There are many proposals from Russia - these proposals are under consideration from the Indian side.,Sputnik: There were reports of delayed payments from Russia initially after sanctions. As we see, trade has jumped manifold in the energy and fertilizer sectors. Do you think payment issues have been resolved in other sectors as well?,D. B. Bhaaskara: Several Indian companies have signed contracts in yuan, which means they are ready to receive payment in China's yuan. Still, the preferred mode of settlement is in the Indian rupee. As export procedures closed successfully in USD/euro/INR, Russians set aside yuan contracts.,My company is receiving regular payment without any delay in Indian rupees or USD or sometimes in euros.,Sputnik: What about logistical issues, as sanctions hit the shipping sector?,D. B. Bhaaskara: The logistical issues are still there because few airlines — namely Aeroflot, Emirates, Qatar, and Turkish — are available for transportation. Transportation costs are slightly high because of no regular cargo consignments. They vary between $8-12 per kg compared to $5 per kg in a normal situation.,Cargo sea shipment is still in a mess. The only port in Gujarat accepts Russian shipping. Here again, the container price is very, very high. We have to pay anything between $9,000 - 12,000 for a container. When there was no conflict or sanctions, it was $2,500 per container.,We have tried to send our shipments via Iran. So, from Gujarat port, the shipment reaches an Iranian port, and from there, it goes via road or rail to Moscow. But, it is taking a much longer time. In general, it is supposed to arrive in 30-40 days, but on an experimental basis, some companies sent their materials via the Iran route, [and they are] still on their way even after two months.,Shanghai is very crowded and has also been hit by the pandemic, making it unsuitable for us. So, the only problem right now is logistics; there is no payment issue.,Some Russian companies have an account with European banks operating in Russia dealing in oil and gas payments. Those banks are being used to send money anywhere worldwide, even with sanctions.,Sputnik: Western firms intended to withdraw their operations in Russia in response to Moscow's special military operation. Do you see some significant investments from Indian pharma companies in Russia to fill the vacuum created by the west?,D. B. Bhaaskara: There are long-pending proposals from a couple of governors, such as [in] Volgograd and Kazan, inviting India's major pharma companies to set up manufacturing units in their region. But, due to the pandemic, nothing moved ahead.,A delegation will be going to Russia to explore the opportunities in Russia in July. A few Indian companies, such as Sun Pharma and Advance Pharma, have manufacturing units in Russia doing finished formulations.,Hopefully, some new companies are interested in setting up units there now. But, Russia is looking to scale up raw material manufacturing, e.g., API. For this, much homework related to regulation should be done between the two governments, especially under sanctions.,Also, big companies such as Sun Pharma, Aurbindo, and Dr. Reddy, all with significant exposure to the US market, may try to avoid investing in Russia because they are scared of the risk associated with sanctions.,Medium-scale companies can come forward to set up raw material (API) manufacturing in Russia. However, it is unclear whether Indian workers/professionals can go and work in Russia. Setting up a new unit in unknown topography with a different language and culture is a little complicated. A lot of these questions are unanswered.。 讯 8月20日，交通运输部举行专题新闻发布会，介绍“人工智能+交通运输”典型应用场景创新行动有关情况。 会上，交通运输部科技司司长徐文强表示，近年来，交通运输部加快推进人工智能与交通运输深度融合，聚焦基础设施、运载工具与装备、运输服务、行业治理4大方向，梳理形成覆盖铁、公、水、航、邮全领域860项率先突破场景。去年9月，交通运输部联合6部门，出台了《关于“人工智能+交通运输”的实施意见》，全面绘制了“人工智能+交通运输”的方向标和路线图。今年6月，交通运输部又会同国家铁路局、中国民航局、国家邮政局和国家铁路集团，印发了《“人工智能+交通运输”典型应用场景创新行动方案》，全面启动了典型应用场景创新行动，打通政策落地“最后一公里”，推动人工智能技术更加有力驱动加快建设交通强国。
二 | 本次创新行动将场景任务分为应用推广、创新示范、攻关突破三类，牵头主体分为场景方牵头和技术企业牵头两种模式。划分“三类场景”、采用“两种牵头模式”，开展典型应用场景创新行动，就是要密切跟踪、及时总结交通运输行业技术创新的全链条规律，区分不同技术成熟度、不同业务属性的场景，让场景所有方、科技企业、科研院所都能找到定位、发挥所长，避免“一套标准管到底”，最大化激发各方创新活力。 具体来看，三类场景分别对应了技术落地的三个阶段，牵头主体的设置也充分匹配各阶段的核心需求。 应用推广类，主要面向技术已经成熟、商业模式清晰、行业有普遍需求的场景，比如高速公路智能监测、12328智能客服、场站智能安检，就属于这一类。这类场景的核心目标是“规模应用”，让好技术尽快从“点上示范”走向“面上普及”。因此，明确由“场景所有方”牵头，因为他们掌握路网、港口、场站这些实体资源，有成熟的运营运维体系，能最快推动规模化落地，形成可复制、可推广的行业通用解决方案。 创新示范类，重点是推进成熟技术的系统集成和跨领域融合，比如多式联运智能调度、综合枢纽一站式智慧服务。
三 | 这类项目不缺单项技术，难点在于如何打通不同部门、不同运输方式的业务流程和数据壁垒。所以也明确由“场景所有方”牵头，统筹业务资源，联合人工智能企业、科研院所，做集成创新，核心是“提质融合”，打造一批高水平的融合应用标杆。 攻关突破类，瞄准的是行业核心技术短板，比如交通专用垂直大模型、路侧轻量化智能终端、复杂场景自主决策算法。
四 | 这些是行业的“卡脖子”环节，需要很强的算法研发和算力支撑。因此这一类由“人工智能科技企业”牵头，行业用户作为参与方，提供真实测试场景和业务验证，核心是“强基础补短板”，用真实场景打磨形成核心技术能力。版权申明：凡注有“”或电头为“”的稿件，均为独家版权所有，未经许可不得转载或镜像；授权转载必须注明来源为“”，并保留“”的电头。
五 | 。
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